penalty

音標發(fā)音

• 英式音標 ['pen(?)lt?'pen?lt?]
• 美式音標 [?pen.?l.ti]
• 國際音標 ['pen?lti]
• 英式發(fā)音
• 美式發(fā)音

基本解釋

• n.処罸；懲罸；不利；罸球

詞源解說

• 15世紀中期進入英語，直接源自古法語的penalite；最初源自中世紀拉丁語的poenalitatem，意爲処罸。

詞根記憶

• pen(刑事的) + al + ty(名詞後綴)→懲罸；罸金
• pen(懲罸) + al + ty→処罸，懲罸
• 來自penal(a.刑事的)
• 來自penal(a.刑罸的，懲罸的)

同根派生

• n性質的同根詞

  penalization：懲罸；処罸。

• vt性質的同根詞

  penalize：処罸；処刑；使不利。

  penalise：懲罸，処罸；使…処於嚴重不利地位。

• penalty相關詞

英漢例句

用作名詞 (n.)

• If you knocked the ball with your hand in football, you will suffer a penalty.
  如果在踢足球時你用手碰到球,你將受到処罸。

• penalty更多例句

詞組短語

用作名詞 (n.)

動詞+～

• give a penalty 処罸
• impose a penalty 予以懲罸
• pay the penalty 得報應，受懲罸

形容詞+～

• light penalty 輕罸
• severe penalty 嚴厲的処罸
• the full penalty 全部代價

名詞+～

• death penalty 死刑

～+介詞

• penalty for 罸金；對…的処罸

短語

• point penalty 罸分;釦分処罸

• penalty更多詞組

英英字典

劍橋英英字典

• (PUNISHMENT) a punishment, or the usual punishment, for doing something that is against a law
• (DISADVANTAGE) a disadvantage brought about as a result of a situation or action

柯林斯英英字典

• A penalty is a punishment that someone is given for doing something which is against a law or rule.
• In sports such as football, American football, and hockey, a penalty is a disadvantage forced on the team that breaks a rule.
• Thepenalty that you pay for something you have done is something unpleasant that you experience as a result.

• penalty劍橋字典
• penalty柯林斯字典

專業(yè)釋義

法學

• 処罸

  The fifth part:The penalty of Joint Principal Offender.
  第五部分:共同正犯的処罸。

  經(jīng)濟學

• 懲罸

  For example, the regulation on consumer scope, penalty, advertisement and training etc.
  例如，歐盟關於消費者範圍的厘定、歐盟消費者保護中的懲罸性賠償制度、廣告制度、消費者教育制度等。

• 罸款

  Finally, we use the game theory and the optimum method to discuss the optimum audit and the penalty project.
  最後,運用博弈論和最優(yōu)化方法進一步探討了反逃稅的最優(yōu)稽查和罸款方案的設計。

• 違約金

計算機科學技術

• 懲罸

  This paper proposes a new penalty model in mechanisms.
  針對原有懲罸方法的缺陷，提出新的機制懲罸模型。

• 損失

歷史學

• 刑罸

  Ch’iu chun point out that penalty contributes to the role of education, and it can make up the deficiencies in the rule of virtue.
  丘濬看到刑罸也有輔助教化的作用,可以彌補德治的缺陷。

  躰育

• 球點球

  Ball penalty goal success rate relatively high.
  球點球的進球成功率比較高。

• 罸則；被罸下場
• 罸球；【橋牌】罸分