penalty

音標(biāo)發(fā)音

• 英式音標(biāo) ['pen(?)lt?'pen?lt?]
• 美式音標(biāo) [?pen.?l.ti]
• 國(guó)際音標(biāo) ['pen?lti]
• 英式發(fā)音
• 美式發(fā)音

基本解釋

• n.處罰；懲罰；不利；罰球

詞源解說(shuō)

• 15世紀(jì)中期進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)，直接源自古法語(yǔ)的penalite；最初源自中世紀(jì)拉丁語(yǔ)的poenalitatem，意為處罰。

詞根記憶

• pen(刑事的) + al + ty(名詞后綴)→懲罰；罰金
• pen(懲罰) + al + ty→處罰，懲罰
• 來(lái)自penal(a.刑事的)
• 來(lái)自penal(a.刑罰的，懲罰的)

同根派生

• n性質(zhì)的同根詞

  penalization：懲罰；處罰。

• vt性質(zhì)的同根詞

  penalize：處罰；處刑；使不利。

  penalise：懲罰，處罰；使…處于嚴(yán)重不利地位。

• penalty相關(guān)詞

英漢例句

用作名詞 (n.)

• If you knocked the ball with your hand in football, you will suffer a penalty.
  如果在踢足球時(shí)你用手碰到球,你將受到處罰。

• penalty更多例句

詞組短語(yǔ)

用作名詞 (n.)

動(dòng)詞+～

• give a penalty 處罰
• impose a penalty 予以懲罰
• pay the penalty 得報(bào)應(yīng)，受懲罰

形容詞+～

• light penalty 輕罰
• severe penalty 嚴(yán)厲的處罰
• the full penalty 全部代價(jià)

名詞+～

• death penalty 死刑

～+介詞

• penalty for 罰金；對(duì)…的處罰

短語(yǔ)

• point penalty 罰分;扣分處罰

• penalty更多詞組

英英字典

劍橋英英字典

• (PUNISHMENT) a punishment, or the usual punishment, for doing something that is against a law
• (DISADVANTAGE) a disadvantage brought about as a result of a situation or action

柯林斯英英字典

• A penalty is a punishment that someone is given for doing something which is against a law or rule.
• In sports such as football, American football, and hockey, a penalty is a disadvantage forced on the team that breaks a rule.
• Thepenalty that you pay for something you have done is something unpleasant that you experience as a result.

• penalty劍橋字典
• penalty柯林斯字典

專業(yè)釋義

法學(xué)

• 處罰

  The fifth part:The penalty of Joint Principal Offender.
  第五部分:共同正犯的處罰。

  經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)

• 懲罰

  For example, the regulation on consumer scope, penalty, advertisement and training etc.
  例如，歐盟關(guān)于消費(fèi)者范圍的厘定、歐盟消費(fèi)者保護(hù)中的懲罰性賠償制度、廣告制度、消費(fèi)者教育制度等。

• 罰款

  Finally, we use the game theory and the optimum method to discuss the optimum audit and the penalty project.
  最后,運(yùn)用博弈論和最優(yōu)化方法進(jìn)一步探討了反逃稅的最優(yōu)稽查和罰款方案的設(shè)計(jì)。

• 違約金

計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)技術(shù)

• 懲罰

  This paper proposes a new penalty model in mechanisms.
  針對(duì)原有懲罰方法的缺陷，提出新的機(jī)制懲罰模型。

• 損失

歷史學(xué)

• 刑罰

  Ch’iu chun point out that penalty contributes to the role of education, and it can make up the deficiencies in the rule of virtue.
  丘濬看到刑罰也有輔助教化的作用,可以彌補(bǔ)德治的缺陷。

  體育

• 球點(diǎn)球

  Ball penalty goal success rate relatively high.
  球點(diǎn)球的進(jìn)球成功率比較高。

• 罰則；被罰下場(chǎng)
• 罰球；【橋牌】罰分