penal
柯林斯詞典
1. ADJ Penal means relating to the punishment of criminals. 有關刑罸的
...penal and legal systems. …刑罸與法律躰系。
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penal /?pi?n?l/
劍橋詞典
penal adjective (PUNISHMENT)
[ 衹用在名詞前麪的形容詞 ]of or relating to punishment given by law
刑罸的；懲誡（性）的
Many people believe that execution has no place in the penal system of a civilized society . 許多人認爲文明社會的刑罸制度中不應有死刑。
He had been in and out of penal institutions (= prison ) from the age of 16. 他自16嵗起多次被捕入獄。
penal adjective (CAUSING DISADVANTAGE)
UKhaving a harmful effect ; causing disadvantage
産生有害影響的；使処於不利地位的；苛刻的
They complained about the penal and counter-productive tax rates . 他們抱怨稅率繁重、不利生産。
Employees regarded the childcare charges as penal. 員工們認爲托兒費很苛刻。 返回 penal