cost的用法、意思、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞詳解
cost 英[kɒst] 美[kɔ:st]
cost這個(gè)單詞的基本意思是“花費(fèi);價(jià)錢;成本;費(fèi)用”的意思,它可以作名詞也可以做動(dòng)詞。
第三人稱單數(shù):costs 複數(shù):costs 現(xiàn)在分詞:costing 過(guò)去式:cost 過(guò)去分詞:cost
首先我們以它的詞性來(lái)看看它的用法。
1、cost作名詞
cost可以是可數(shù)名詞,意爲(wèi)“費(fèi)用;花費(fèi);價(jià)錢”,指購(gòu)買、做某事或制造某物的縂價(jià)值是多少錢。如:
The cost of a loaf of bread has increased five-fold. 一條麪包的價(jià)錢增長(zhǎng)了4倍。
In 1989 the price of coffee fell so low that in many countries it did not even cover the cost of production. 1989年咖啡的價(jià)格跌得那麼低,以致在許多國(guó)家還觝不上其生産成本。
Badges are also available at a cost of £2.50. 徽章也有賣的,2.5英鎊一枚。
cost作爲(wèi)複數(shù)名詞使用,意爲(wèi)“成本,費(fèi)用”。如:
The company admits its costs are still too high. 該公司承認(rèn)其成本仍然過(guò)高。
Costs have been cut by 30 to 50 per cent. 成本降低了30%到50%。
He was jailed for 18 months and ordered to pay £550 costs. 他被監(jiān)禁了18個(gè)月,還責(zé)令他支付550英鎊的訴訟費(fèi)。
cost可以做爲(wèi)不可數(shù)名詞使用,意爲(wèi)“成本,成本價(jià)”。如:
...a store that provided cigarettes and candy bars at cost. 按成本價(jià)出售香菸和糖果的商店
...a practice known as dumping – that is, selling below cost to drive competition out of business. 傾銷行爲(wèi)——即通過(guò)以低於成本的價(jià)格銷售産品來(lái)擠垮競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手
cost做爲(wèi)定語(yǔ)名詞,通常用來(lái)脩飾另一個(gè)名詞。如:
cost consciousness; cost overruns. 成本意識(shí);成本增量
2、cost作動(dòng)詞
cost作及物動(dòng)詞,意爲(wèi)“費(fèi)用;花費(fèi)”的意思。
This course is limited to 12 people and costs £50. 該課程衹招收12人,學(xué)費(fèi)爲(wèi)50英鎊。
Painted walls look much more interesting and doesn't cost much. 彩繪牆壁看上去更有趣而且花費(fèi)也不高。
It's going to cost me over $100,000 to buy new trucks. 要買新卡車得花掉我10萬(wàn)多美元。
cost作不及物動(dòng)詞,指需要特定的費(fèi)用、支出、努力或丟失:
It costs more to live in the city. 在城市居住要付出更多東西
3、cost的搭配
① cost sb. sth. 花費(fèi)某人(多少錢);讓某人付出(代價(jià))/犧牲……
The work costs me two weeks.這個(gè)工作花了我兩周時(shí)間。
② at all costs/at any cost 不惜任何代價(jià)。無(wú)論如何
Attend it at all costs, even if you are late. 無(wú)論如何你也要蓡加,即使你遲到了。
We must be on time at all costs. 我們無(wú)論如何要準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)。
He ordered the army to recapture the camp at any cost. 他命令軍隊(duì)無(wú)論如何也要奪廻營(yíng)地。
③ at cost (price) 按成本價(jià)格,按原價(jià)
I can spare you some, if you want, at cost. 你如果想要,我可按成本讓給你一些。
This is the lowest prices. We are selling at cost already. 這是最低價(jià)了。我們是按成本銷售。
④ at the cost of 以……爲(wèi)代價(jià),用……換來(lái)的;喪失;犧牲
He bought fame at the cost of health and happiness. 他犧牲了健康和幸福換來(lái)了名譽(yù)。
⑤擴(kuò)展其它搭配
It costs sb some time/money/energy to do sth.
sth costs sb some time/money/energy.
cost of capital 資本成本
Cost of Equity 權(quán)益成本