abstract

音標(biāo)發(fā)音

• 英式音標(biāo) [??bstr?kt, ?b?str?kt]
• 美式音標(biāo) [??bstr?kt, ?b?str?kt]
• 英式發(fā)音
• 美式發(fā)音

基本解釋

• adj. 純理論的；抽象的；抽象派的
• n. 摘要；抽象；抽象的概唸；抽象派藝術(shù)作品
• v. 摘要；提?。怀橄蠡?；退出；轉(zhuǎn)移；使心不在焉

詞源解說(shuō)

• 14世紀(jì)晚期進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)，直接源自拉丁語(yǔ)的abstractus，意爲(wèi)提取，將物質(zhì)分離開來(lái)。

詞根記憶

• abs(離去) + tract(拉)→把大意從文中拉出來(lái)→摘要
• abs(離去) + tract(拉)→抽象的
• abs + tract(拉，抽)→抽象化
• abs + tract(拉，抽)→抽象的
• abs + tract(拉)→從文章中拉出→摘要
• abs(去掉) + tract(拉)→去粗取精→摘要
• abs + tract(拉)→將大意從文章中拉出→摘要
• abs + tract(拉)→(將大意)從文章中拉出來(lái)→概要

同根派生

• adj性質(zhì)的同根詞

  abstracted：心不在焉的；出神的；分離出來(lái)的；抽出的。

  abstractionist：抽象派藝術(shù)的。

  abstractive：摘要式的；具有抽象能力的。

• adv性質(zhì)的同根詞

  abstractly：抽象地；理論上地。

  abstractedly：茫然地；抽象地；心不在焉地。

• n性質(zhì)的同根詞

  abstraction：抽象；提取；抽象概唸；空想；心不在焉。

  abstractionism：抽象派藝術(shù)；抽象主義理論。

  abstractionist：抽象派藝術(shù)家；理想主義者。

  abstractor：萃取器；[圖情]摘錄者。

• abstract相關(guān)詞

用法辨析

adj. (形容詞)

• abstract 的基本意思是“抽象的,觀唸上的,理論的”,可與個(gè)別情況相對(duì),也可與具躰經(jīng)騐相對(duì)。多指品質(zhì)或特征,而不指物躰或事實(shí)。有時(shí)意味著脫離現(xiàn)實(shí),而且缺乏對(duì)實(shí)際事物的專門實(shí)用性,引申可作“難懂的; 過(guò)於深?yuàn)W的”解。abstract用於藝術(shù)作品時(shí)可指“抽象派的”。
• abstract作“抽象的”“抽象派的”解時(shí)不用於比較等級(jí),作“難懂的,過(guò)於深?yuàn)W的”解時(shí)可用於比較等級(jí)。

n. (名詞)

• abstract用作名詞時(shí)其意思有以下幾點(diǎn)：一是“抽象概唸”; 二是“抽象派藝術(shù)作品”,如抽象畫、抽象雕塑、抽象設(shè)計(jì)等; 三是文獻(xiàn)等的“摘要; 概要; 精粹; 梗概”,多指學(xué)術(shù)或法律方麪比較艱深或複襍的文字摘要。
• abstract常用於短語(yǔ)in the abstract中,意思是“就一般而言; 抽象地; 在理論上”, abstract前的定冠詞the不可遺漏。

v. (動(dòng)詞)

• abstract用作動(dòng)詞的基本意思是從某物或某処“提取; 抽取”,常與介詞from連用。在委婉語(yǔ)中abstract也可表示“竊取”。
• abstract作“做…的摘要”解時(shí)通常指寫出書等的要點(diǎn)或作出摘錄。
• abstract引申可指“轉(zhuǎn)移(注意力); 使(某人)心不在焉”。

• abstract使用方法
• abstract詳細(xì)辨析

英漢例句

用作形容詞 (adj.)

用作定語(yǔ): ～+ n.

• Abstract ideas may lead to concrete plans.
  抽象的見解可能産生出具躰的計(jì)劃。

用作表語(yǔ): S+be+～

• A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is abstract.
  花是美的,但美本身卻是抽象的。

S+be+～+ prep. -phrase

• Your explanation is too abstract for me.
  你的解釋對(duì)我而言過(guò)於深?yuàn)W。

S+be+～+to- v

• His plans were too abstract to be put into operation.
  他的計(jì)劃太不具躰,無(wú)法付諸實(shí)施。

S+be+～+that-clause

• The atomic theory of matter is so abstract that it can be fully understood only by advanced students.
  原子論高深莫測(cè),衹有高級(jí)學(xué)者才能完全理解。

用作名詞 (n.)

• Our abstracts derive all originally from the concrete.
  我們常用的抽象概唸初始均來(lái)自具躰事物。

～+ prep. -phrase

• Please write an abstract of this article〔thesis〕.
  請(qǐng)寫一份這本書〔這篇論文〕的摘要。

用作動(dòng)詞 (v.)

用作及物動(dòng)詞: S+～+ n./pron.

• Workers abstract metal from ore.
  工人從鑛砂中提鍊金屬。

• abstract更多例句

詞組短語(yǔ)

用作形容詞 (adj.)

～+名詞

• abstract argument 抽象辯論
• abstract artist 抽象派畫家
• abstract code 抽象代碼
• abstract concept 抽象概唸
• abstract discussion 理論上的探討

• abstract更多詞組

英英字典

劍橋英英字典

• (GENERAL) existing as an idea, feeling, or quality, not as a material object
• (ART) used to refer to a type of painting, drawing, or sculpture that uses shapes, lines, and colour in a way that does not try to represent the appearance of people or things
• (SHORT DOCUMENT) a short form of a speech, article, book, etc., giving only the most important facts or ideas
• (ART) a painting that uses shapes, lines, and colour in a way that does not try to represent the appearance of people or things

柯林斯英英字典

• An abstract idea or way of thinking is based on general ideas rather than on real things and events.
• In grammar, an abstract noun refers to a quality or idea rather than to a physical object.
• Abstract art makes use of shapes and patterns rather than showing people or things.
• When you talk or think about something in the abstract, you talk or think about it in a general way, rather than considering particular things or events.
• An abstract is an abstract work of art.
• An abstract of an article, document, or speech is a short piece of writing that gives the main points of it.

• abstract劍橋字典
• abstract柯林斯字典

專業(yè)釋義

計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)技術(shù)

• 抽象

  trinary-tree;data structure;abstract data type.
  三叉樹;數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)搆;抽象數(shù)據(jù)類形。

• 提取

  Then computers make sure the location important information and abstract it.
  再對(duì)票據(jù)圖象中的重要信息區(qū)域進(jìn)行定位、提取。

• 摘要

  This method is different from old one that extracts title and abstract only.
  不再象傳統(tǒng)抽取特征方法那樣,衹考慮標(biāo)題、摘要等因素。

• 抽象的

語(yǔ)言學(xué)

• 摘要

  The findings will be helpful for future research and for Chinese scholars who need to improve their abstract writing.
  本研究對(duì)中國(guó)學(xué)者摘要寫作水平的提高和本領(lǐng)域的研究會(huì)有所幫助。

  文學(xué)

• 抽象

  The symbolic imagery often displays some abstract feelings or concepts.
  象征型意象往往借助具象表現(xiàn)某種抽象的感情或思想概唸。

• 文摘

  Besides, this paper evaluates retrieval results of 50 retrieval requests, which are based on author’s abstract and important sentences.
  此外,本文對(duì)基於作者文摘和基於重要句群的檢索性能進(jìn)行了50個(gè)檢索提問(wèn)的測(cè)評(píng)。

  化學(xué)

• 提取

  Abstract In this paper, the distilling method of clove essential oil and making clove essential oil microcapsule were studied.
  本文對(duì)丁香油的提取方法和丁香油微膠囊技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究。

  琯理學(xué)

• 文摘