什麼叫懸垂分詞

你知道什麼叫懸垂分詞嗎？請看看這道題：

__________ the road，a car knocked him down.

A. Crossing B. Crossed C. When he was crossing D. To cross

此題應選C。其餘均可能被誤選。分析如下：

選項B不對，因爲它是過去分詞，其後不應有賓語。

選項A，D不對，因爲該非謂語動詞的邏輯主語與句子主語不一致——搆成懸垂分詞。

一般說來，作狀語用的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語應與句子主語保持一致，否則便是錯句。比較：

爲了通過考試，(他)每分鍾都用來學習。

誤：To pass the exam，every minute was spent in studying.

正：To pass the exam，he spent every minute in studying.

信讀了第二次之後，意思就更清楚了。

誤：Reading the letter a second time，the meaning became clearer.

正：Being read a second time，the letter became clearer in meaning.

狗叫得厲害，所以我把它放了出去。

誤：Barking madly，I led the dog out.

正：Barking madly，the dog was let out.

但是，在有些特殊的結搆(衹有少數固定結搆)中，非謂語動詞可以沒有邏輯主語：

Judging from [by] what he said，he was a cheat. 從他說的話來看，他就是個騙子。