spoil

音標(biāo)發(fā)音

spoil的基本意思是“變壞,腐爛”或“破壞,損壞”,使物體在外形、用途、力量、精力、價(jià)值等方面損壞,含有徹底損壞而不能補(bǔ)救的意味。引申可作“溺愛(ài)”“慣壞”解,強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)分驕縱而對(duì)性格、性情的損害,也可作“把事情搞糟”或“使人掃興”解。
spoil還可作“搶劫; 強(qiáng)奪”解,過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞只用spoiled。
spoil可用作及物動(dòng)詞,也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞。用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。
spoil后接介詞by表示“因…而毀壞; 因…而寵壞”; be spoiling for的意思是“一心想,切望”。
spoil的過(guò)去分詞spoilt可用作形容詞,在句中作定語(yǔ)。
spoil的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞均可為spoilt或spoiled。

(DESTROY) to destroy or reduce the pleasure, interest, or beauty of something
(TREAT WELL) to treat someone very or too well, especially by being extremely generous
(CHILD) to allow a child to do or have everything that it wants to, usually so that it expects to get everything it wants and does not show respect to other people
(EARTH) earth, stones, etc. dug out from a hole in the ground
(PROFITS) goods, advantages, profits, etc. that you get by your actions or because of your position or situation

If you spoil something, you prevent it from being successful or satisfactory.
If you spoil children, you give them everything they want or ask for. This is considered to have a bad effect on a child's character.
If you spoil yourself or spoil another person, you give yourself or them something nice as a treat or do something special for them.
If food spoils or if it is spoiled, it is no longer fit to be eaten.
If you say that someone is spoiled for choice or spoilt for choice, you mean that they have a great many things of the same type to choose from.