proportion
音標(biāo)發(fā)音
- 英式音標(biāo) [pr?'p???(?)npr?'p?:??npr??p?:?n]
- 美式音標(biāo) [pr??p??r.??n]
- 英式發(fā)音
- 美式發(fā)音
基本解釋
- n.部分；比例；均衡；（復(fù)）規(guī)模
- vt.使成比例；使均衡；分?jǐn)?/li>
詞源解說
- 14世紀(jì)晚期進(jìn)入英語，直接源自古法語的proportion；最初源自古典拉丁語的proportionem，意為相對的關(guān)系，類似。
詞根記憶
- pro(許多) + portion(一部分)→按比例分成小份兒→比例；份兒
- pro + port(=part，部分) + ion→部分；比例
- pro + portion(部分)→比例；部分
- pro(相關(guān)) + portion(部分)→與部分有關(guān)→比例
同根派生
- adj性質(zhì)的同根詞
- proportional：比例的，成比例的；相稱的，均衡的。
- proportionate：成比例的；相稱的；適當(dāng)?shù)摹?/dd>
- proportionable：成比例的；相稱的；均衡的。
- adv性質(zhì)的同根詞
- proportionally：成比例地；相稱地，適當(dāng)?shù)亍?/dd>
- n性質(zhì)的同根詞
- proportional：[數(shù)]比例項(xiàng)。
- proportionality：相稱；均衡；比例性。
- vt性質(zhì)的同根詞
- proportionate：使成比例；使相稱。
用法辨析
- proportion of作“部分”解時(shí),如果后面是不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(指量),謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式; 如果后面是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,則謂語動詞可以用單數(shù),也可以用復(fù)數(shù); 當(dāng)proportion作“比例”解時(shí),無論of后面的名詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞一概用單數(shù)。
- in the proportion of意為“按…的比例”。
- proportion的基本意思是“使均衡”“使相稱”“使成比例”,指事物內(nèi)部各細(xì)節(jié)安排得勻稱整齊,從而產(chǎn)生一種美感。這種優(yōu)雅的美感與事物的大小、持續(xù)時(shí)間的長短或強(qiáng)度都沒有關(guān)系。
- proportion是及物動詞,接名詞或代詞作賓語。可用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)。
- proportion的賓語后常接介詞to引起的短語,意思是“使…與…成比例”。
- Proportion同part的比較：作名詞時(shí)，兩者都可表示“部分”，只是前者只能作名詞和動詞，而后者還可作形容詞和副詞，詞性比較廣。proportion同part之間在程度上的差異一直都比較模糊，沒有明確指明。a proportion與整體(whole)間存在著一個定量關(guān)系，即某個部分占整體的幾分之幾，或占百分之多少(ratio)。因proportion能體現(xiàn)比例，然后可與其他部分進(jìn)行比較，所以proportion較part而言，被認(rèn)為更精確更好。要補(bǔ)充說明的是，proportion的可比較性是簡單的同一個整體的兩個部分各自占整天的ratio的對比，并非兩個來自不同整體的ratios的對比；
- a proportion of表示“……的一部分”，可等同于some和a part of；
- 短語in proportion to表示“與……成比例”或是“與……比較起來”，屬固定用語，不可以隨意更換介詞to。
n. (名詞)
v. (動詞)
英漢例句
- The painting lacks proportion.
這幅畫比例失調(diào)。 - We must proportion the power of the two parties.
我們必須均衡兩個政黨的力量。
用作名詞 (n.)
用作動詞 (v.)
用作及物動詞: S+～+ n./pron.
詞組短語
- direct 〔inverse〕 proportion 正〔反〕比例
- due 〔proper〕 proportion 適當(dāng)?shù)谋壤?/li>
介詞+～
- in proportion 成比例；相稱
- in proportion to 與…成比例
- in perfect proportion 非常勻稱
- in similar proportion 相似的比例
用作名詞 (n.)
形容詞+～
英英字典
- (AMOUNT) the number or amount of a group or part of something when compared to the whole
- (SIZE) the correct or most attractive relationship between the size of different parts of the same thing or between one thing and another
- (IMPORTANCE) used in a number of phrases to mean importance and seriousness
- A proportion of a group or an amount is a part of it.
- The proportion of one kind of person or thing in a group is the number of people or things of that kind compared to the total number of people or things in the group.
- The proportion of one amount to another is the relationship between the size of the two amounts.
- If you refer to the proportions of something, you are referring to its size, usually when this is extremely large.
- If one thing increases or decreases in proportion to another thing, it increases or decreases to the same degree as that thing.
- If something is small or large in proportion to something else, it is small or large when compared with that thing.
- If you say that something is out of all proportion to something else, you think that it is far greater or more serious than it should be.
劍橋英英字典
柯林斯英英字典
專業(yè)釋義
- 比例
The company can introduce strategic investors and increase the share proportion for managers.
具體通過引入戰(zhàn)略投資家，加大經(jīng)理層持股比例。 - 均衡性
- 配比
Objective The objective of the research was to explore the optimum proportion of applying bio-organic fertilizer in the saline-alkaline soil.
目的探討生物有機(jī)肥施用于土壤改良的最佳配比。 - 濃度
Supposing the concentration of assimilation product in every organ is in direct proportion with its photosynthate gained.
假定各器官的同化物質(zhì)濃度與其所得到的同化物的量成正比，導(dǎo)出了冠層與根莖間的干物質(zhì)傳輸通量的關(guān)系式： G丫＊．W K，＝---- W十G丫nw模型估算結(jié)果與田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果比較一致。 - 比量
Fibre and vessel proportion increased and decreased,respectively,with the increase of growth stress.
生長應(yīng)力水平與纖維和導(dǎo)管的組織比量分別呈正相關(guān)和負(fù)相關(guān)。 - 配方
The optimal formula for Lactobacillus brevis microcapsules was 20 g/L sodium alginate, 30 g/L calcium chloride, 20 g/L chitosan, the appropriate proportion of bacterial liquid and sodium alginate being 1:3（m:m）.
研制的微膠囊配方為:海藻酸鈉20 g/L,氯化鈣30 g/L,菌液（m）:海藻酸鈉（m）=1:3,殼聚糖20 g/L。醫(yī)藥科學(xué)
- 構(gòu)成比
Comparison of proportion and correlation analysis was evaluated by Chi-square test.
采用卡方檢驗(yàn)進(jìn)行構(gòu)成比的比較和相關(guān)性分析。 - 體表面積
- 比例
Hole in machining processing is a larger proportion of the important processing.
在機(jī)械加工中孔加工是所占比例較大的一道重要的加工工序。土木建筑工程
- 摻量
The inhibitor has good performance of stability that conversion rate of esterification can reach 99%（2） The optimum conditions of synthesis of middle-monomer:when the addition of activator is 5-6%,proportion of acid and alcohol is（1.15-1.2）:1,toluene is 50%,and the temperature is 120℃.
確定了中間大單體的最佳合成工藝:當(dāng)催化劑摻量為5～6%;酸醇比為（1.15～1.2）:1;溶劑甲苯摻量為50%;溫度控制為120℃。數(shù)學(xué)
- 比例
- 比例
- 比例