dodge

常用用法

dodge的基本意思是“躲閃”,指動作迅速或突然變換位置以躲避襲擊或追捕,也表示用藝術手法或技巧機敏地躲避敵人的襲擊、論辯對手的諷刺或檢查者的盤問等。含有策略、機警、聰明的意思。引申表示為“回避”“逃避”。
dodge既可用作及物動詞,也可用作不及物動詞,用作及物動詞時,多接由名詞充當?shù)暮唵钨e語。

這組詞都有“回避”的意思,它們之間的區(qū)別是:fence指像擊劍者那樣“躲避”,強調(diào)靈巧和勇氣; dodge強調(diào)動作迅速或突然變換位置進行“躲閃”,含有策略、機警、聰明的意思; duck指突然地彎腰或好像彎腰那樣進行“躲〔回〕避”; malinger指偽裝有病或虛弱,以“逃避”職責或艱巨的任務等; parry強調(diào)自衛(wèi)的技能和靈巧; shirk指卑鄙地、膽怯地、鬼祟地去“躲〔回〕避”。例如:
He was able to dodge so that the man's knife went through his sleeve, wounding him only slightly.他來得及躲開,那人的小刀刺穿他的衣袖,他僅受了點輕傷。
He saw a policeman coming and ducked behind a car.他看到一個警察向他走來,便閃身躲在一輛汽車后面。
She says she's got flu, but I think she's malingering.她說她感冒了,但我認為她是在裝病逃避工作。
I parried her question by the best excuses I could offer.我用自己能找到的最好借口回避她的問題。
He shirked his duty to his family.他逃避家庭的職責。