間接引語中的條件句
A 條件句類型1的基本形式在這里時態(tài)的變化遵循通常的規(guī)律:
He said,"If I catch the plane I'll be home by five."
他說:“我如果能趕上這班飛機,5點鐘以前就可以到家了。”相當于:
He said that if he caught the plane he would be home by five.
他說他如果能趕上那班飛機,5點鐘以前就可以到家了。
條件句類型2的基本形式在這里時態(tài)不變:
"If I had a permit I could get a job,"he said.
他說:“如果我有許可證就能找到工作。”相當于:
He said that if he had a permit he could get a job.
他說如果他有許可證就能找到工作。
條件句類型3的基本形式在這里時態(tài)不變:
"If she had loved Tom," he said,"she wouldn"t have left him."
他說:“如果她喜歡湯姆,就不會離開他。”相當于:
He said that if she had loved Tom she wouldn"t have left him.
他說如果她喜歡湯姆的話就不會離開他。
B 關于if從句+命令或者要求在間接引語中的例句(參見第320節(jié)與第321節(jié)):
He said,"If you have time wash the floor."
他說:“如果你有時間,擦一擦地板。”
He said,"If you have time would you wash the floor?"
他說:“如果你有時間,你能擦一擦地板嗎?”相當于:
He told/asked me to wash the floor if I had time.
他叫/要我有時間的話擦一擦地板。
He said that if I had time I was to wash the floor.
他說如果我有時間的話就擦一擦地板。
"If you see Ann ask her to ring me,"he said.
他說:“如果你遇到安,叫她給我打個電話。”相當于:
He said that if I saw Ann I was to ask her to ring him.
他說如果我看到安,告訴她給他打個電話。(這里如用 ask+不定式結構就變得很拗口,也不十分清楚。)
Peter(on phone): If you miss the last bus get a taxi.
彼得(在打電話):如果你們誤了末班車,就雇一輛出租汽車。
Peter says that if we miss the last bus we are to get a taxi.
彼得說如果我們誤了末班車就雇一輛出租汽車。
(關于if you would…表示要求,參見第284節(jié)F。)
C 關于在間接引語中的if從句+勸告的表示法:
"If you feel ill,"she said,"why don"t you go to bed?"/"…you"d bet- ter go to bed."
她說:“如果你感到不舒服為什么不躺一下?”/…你最好上床休息。
She advised me to go to bed if I felt ill.
她勸我,如果感到不舒服了就上床休息。
She said that if I felt ill I"d better/I should go to bed.
她說如果我感到不舒服了我最好/應當上床休息。
"If I were you I"d stop taking pills,"she said.
她說:“如果我是你的話,我就停止吃藥。”相當于:
She advised me to stop taking pills.
她勸我停止吃藥。
D if從句+疑問句結構在間接引語中通常把if從句置于句末:
"If the baby is a girl what will they call her?" he wondered.
他心里想:“如果生的是個女孩,他們會給她取個什么名字?”相當于:
He wondered what they would call the baby if it was a girl.
他心里想,如果生的是個女孩,他們會給她取個什么名字。
" If the door is locked what shall I do?" she asked.
她問道:“如果門鎖了我該怎么辦?”相當于:
She asked what she would do if the door was locked.
她問如果門鎖了她該怎么辦。