過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法

(1) 與過(guò)去完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以多種多樣，使用它的主要依據(jù)是看其是否發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。如：

He had learnt some English before I went here. 在來(lái)這兒之前我學(xué)過(guò)一些英語(yǔ)。

He had written three stories by last year. 到去年他已經(jīng)寫了三篇故事。

We had cleaned the room when he got there. 當(dāng)他到那兒時(shí)，我們已經(jīng)把房子弄干凈了。

He went there after he had finished his work. 他把事做完之后，就去哪兒了。

注意：當(dāng)主句跟由before, after, as soon as所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間從句的動(dòng)作連接很緊密時(shí)，從句也可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

He went there after he read the letter. 他看了那封信后就去那兒了。

(2) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)還經(jīng)常用于主句為過(guò)去時(shí)的賓語(yǔ)從句中。如：

He said he had been a soldier. 他說(shuō)他當(dāng)過(guò)兵。

They said they had seen the film. 他們說(shuō)這幕電影他們看過(guò)。

(3) 在hardly / scarcely …when…, no sooner…than… 兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主句通常要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：

Hardly had I told her the news when she began to cry out. 她一聽(tīng)到這一消息就大哭了起來(lái)。

Scarcely had he finished his supper when he went out. 他已吃完晚飯就出去了。

No sooner had he fallen asleep than he lay down on the bed. 他一躺倒床上就睡著了。

(4) 動(dòng)詞expect, hope, suppose, think, want等的過(guò)去完成時(shí)可用來(lái)表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的計(jì)劃、打算或希望。如：

I had hoped to see you. 我本希望來(lái)看你。

He had wanted to buy a house in Beijing. 他本想在北京買棟房子。