18種名詞做主語時(shí)的主謂一致原則
一、如果主語是不可數(shù)名詞,動(dòng)名詞,不定式或從句的時(shí)候,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).
Smoking is not a good habit.
To live happily needs a lot of things.
What I said is true.
二、如果由and連接的兩個(gè)做主語的單數(shù)名詞指的是同一個(gè)人或物的時(shí)候,用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞.
The singer and songwriter is dead.
The science and technology plays an important part in China.
Bread and butter(=buttered bread) is a good food for patients.
“War and Peace” is the best book I have ever read.
如果由and連接的兩個(gè)或更多的主語之前有each, every, many a/an, no的時(shí)候用單數(shù)名詞.
Every boy and girl in the class works very hard.
Each minute and second is valuable to us.
三、主語是單數(shù), 后面跟有with, along with, together with,besides, as well as, but, except, no less than,rather than, more than, like, including, in addition to 的時(shí)候, 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).
Jack with his family wants to go to China.
He, as well as you, is very honest.
No one but I is a student.
Her brother, together with his wife and children, was killed in the accident.
The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible.
四、由some, any, no, every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞(sb,sth---)和each, either, neither, one, the other, another, little, a little, much, no one, nothing做主語的時(shí)候,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).
Each of you is cleverer than me.
Neither student has passed the exam.
Is anybody here?
五、both, few, a few, several, many以及others做主語的時(shí)候,
永遠(yuǎn)用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞.
Several friends were invited to the party.
Both books are sold out.
六、all, none, any, some, more和most要是修飾單數(shù)名詞,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù); 若是修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞,就用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞.
Most of the apple is bad.
Most of the apples are bad.
None of this money is yours.
None of the people here are teachers.
七、 由or連接的兩個(gè)以上主語時(shí),動(dòng)詞和最接近的主語一致.
You or he is wrong.
Are you or he wrong?
由either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also連接的兩個(gè)以上主語時(shí),動(dòng)詞和最近的主語一致.
Either he or you have to tell the truth.
Neither my brother nor his friends are over 18 years old.
Not only the basketball players but also the coach was very nervous.
八、若主語的復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示的是”一段時(shí)間”, “一筆錢”, “一段距離”, “一個(gè)數(shù)量”, “一個(gè)面積”的時(shí)候用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞.
Two weeks is to enough for me to finish it.
Five thousand dollars is too much.
Ten kilometers is too long for me to run.
九、people(人民), police, cattle(牛群)等常用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞. 有一些集體名詞,如果表示的是整體就用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞, 如果表示的是其中的個(gè)體就用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞.這樣的詞常見的有family, class, audience, public, team等等.
His family are all singers.
His family is very large.
十、關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與先行詞一致。
Those who want to go please sign their names here.
十一、一些名詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式，如clothes, scissors, trousers, shorts, scales 等， 作主語時(shí)謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式
The scales 天平 are mine.
但是成雙的東西前面有a pair of 要用單數(shù)。
This pair of scissors belongs to the tailor.
十二、如果主語由“a kind of ( a series of ) 構(gòu)成， 謂語一般用單數(shù)形式。
This kind of men is dangerous.
如果是多種，謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。
There are many kinds of apples.
十三、算術(shù)式通常用單數(shù)。
十四、ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞。
十五、書名，劇名，報(bào)紙名，國名的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
The united states is a capitalist country.
“ The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.
十六、“the+形容詞（分詞）“ 指人謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。指抽象謂語動(dòng)詞
用單數(shù)。
The English speak English.
The new always beats the old.
十七、who, what, which, all,more, most some, any, none,
half, the rest, the remainder 等作主語要看各自的情況。
十八、one and a half 加復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
One and a half bananas is left on the table.