fail

音標(biāo)發(fā)音

• 英式音標(biāo) [fe?l]
• 美式音標(biāo) [fe?l]
• 國(guó)際音標(biāo) [feil]
• 英式發(fā)音
• 美式發(fā)音

基本解釋

• vi. 失敗，不及格；破產(chǎn)；缺乏；衰退
• vt. 不及格；使失望；忘記；舍棄
• n. 不及格
• n. (Fail)人名；(葡、捷)法伊爾；(法)法伊

詞源解說(shuō)

• 1200年左右進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)，直接源自古法語(yǔ)的falir，意為失敗，不足；最初源自拉丁語(yǔ)的fallere，意為欺騙，失望。

同根派生

• adj性質(zhì)的同根詞

  failed：已失敗的，不成功的。

  failing：失敗的。

• n性質(zhì)的同根詞

  failure：失敗；故障；失敗者；破產(chǎn)。

  failing：失?。蝗秉c(diǎn)，過(guò)失；弱點(diǎn)。

• prep性質(zhì)的同根詞

  failing：如果沒(méi)有…。

• v性質(zhì)的同根詞

  failed：失敗，不成功（fail的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞）。

  failing：失?。徊患案瘢╢ail的ing形式）。

• fail相關(guān)詞

用法辨析

v. (動(dòng)詞)

• fail的基本意思是“失敗”,指在從事某項(xiàng)工作時(shí)未能達(dá)到預(yù)定的目的,常常強(qiáng)調(diào)做了,但是沒(méi)有成功; 還可指由于某事未能在頭腦里形成深刻的印象或其他原因而將某事“忘記”。fail引申可指“不足,短缺,缺乏”“衰退,衰弱”“破產(chǎn)”“辜負(fù)”等。
• fail可用作及物動(dòng)詞,也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞。用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。
• fail在作“不能,不會(huì),不成功”解時(shí),其后只能搭用不定式短語(yǔ)或介詞in。
• fail在作“虧損”“銷蝕”解時(shí)可用于進(jìn)行體,此時(shí)多指人的體質(zhì)。
• fail是表示狀態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞,不能用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。

n. (名詞)

• fail用作名詞時(shí)的意思是“考試不及格”,指在考試中失利,從而沒(méi)能通過(guò)考試。常以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。
• fail常用于without fail句型,表示“一定,必定,肯定”。

• fail使用方法
• fail詳細(xì)辨析

英漢例句

用作動(dòng)詞 (v.)

用作不及物動(dòng)詞: S+～(+A)

• If you don't work hard, you may fail.
  不努力就可能失敗。

用作及物動(dòng)詞: S+～+ n./pron.

• He would have succeeded if his courage hadn't failed him.
  如果他當(dāng)時(shí)沒(méi)有失去勇氣,他就成功了。

S+～+to- v

• I failed to see him. He was out.
  我沒(méi)見(jiàn)到他,他出去了。

其他: v -ing as Attrib.

• He has suffered from failing health for the last two years.
  近兩年來(lái),他的健康狀況每況愈下。

v -ing as Adverb.

• Failing that, we must think of another plan.
  這要是不行,我們就得另想辦法。

用作名詞 (n.)

• Some college courses are graded in terms of either a pass or a fail.
  有些大學(xué)課程按及格或不及格打分。

• fail更多例句

詞組短語(yǔ)

用作動(dòng)詞 (v.)

～+名詞

• fail a friend 使朋友感到失望,辜負(fù)朋友,拋棄朋友
• fail an exam 考試不及格

～+副詞

• fail abjectly 慘敗
• fail absolutely 絕對(duì)不足
• fail apparently 明顯地不足
• fail completely 完全地失敗

• fail更多詞組

英英字典

劍橋英英字典

• (NOT SUCCEED) to not succeed in what you are trying to achieve or are expected to do
• (EXAM) to be unsuccessful, or to judge that someone has been unsuccessful, in a test or exam
• (NOT DO) to not do something that you should do
• (STOP) to become weaker or stop working completely
• (NOT HELP) to not help someone when you are expected to do so
• an unsuccessful result in a course, test, or exam
• If you do something without fail, you always do it.

柯林斯英英字典

• If you fail to do something that you were trying to do, you are unable to do it or do not succeed in doing it.
• If an activity, attempt, or plan fails, it is not successful.
• If someone or something fails to do a particular thing that they should have done, they do not do it.
• If something fails, it stops working properly, or does not do what it is supposed to do.
• If a business, organization, or system fails, it becomes unable to continue in operation or in existence.
• If something such as your health or a physical quality is failing, it is becoming gradually weaker or less effective.
• If someone fails you, they do not do what you had expected or trusted them to do.
• If someone fails a test, examination, or course, they perform badly in it and do not reach the standard that is required.
• Fail is also a noun.
• If someone fails you in a test, examination, or course, they judge that you have not reached a high enough standard in it.
• You say if all else fails to suggest what could be done in a certain situation if all the other things you have tried are unsuccessful.
• You use without fail to emphasize that something always happens.
• You use without fail to emphasize an order or a promise.

• fail劍橋字典
• fail柯林斯字典

專業(yè)釋義

教育學(xué)

• 使…不及格；使…失敗：
• 沒(méi)有通過(guò)…的考試：
• (考試)不及格
• 不及格

商業(yè)

• 無(wú)力交割，交割失信，不按時(shí)交割，不履行證券交接(證券經(jīng)紀(jì)人不能于成交后的預(yù)定期限內(nèi)交割證券)

計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)技術(shù)

• 失效